Transportation in Portland, Oregon

Transportation

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The Portland metropolitan area has transportation services common to major US cities, though Oregon's emphasis on proactiveland-use planningandtransit-oriented developmentwithin theurban growth boundarymeans that commuters have multiple well-developed options. In 2014,Travel + Leisuremagazine rated Portland as the #1 most pedestrian and transit-friendly city in the United States. A 2011 study byWalk Scoreranked Portland 12th most walkable of fifty largest US cities.

In 2008, 12.6% of all commutes in Portland were on public transit likePDX shuttle airportthat support all of the area suchas salem to PDX shuttle, Tigard to PDX, wilsonville to PDX shuttle, Hillsboro to PDX shuttle, Corvallis to portland shuttle, eugene to PDX shuttle, lake oswego to PDX shuttle.TriMetoperates most of the region's buses and theMAX(short for Metropolitan Area Express)light railsystem, which connects the city and suburbs. The 1986-opened MAX system has expanded to five lines, with the latest being theOrange LinetoMilwaukie, in service as of September 2015.WES Commuter Railopened in February 2009 in Portland's western suburbs, linkingBeavertonandWilsonville.

The city-ownedPortland Streetcarserves two routes in the Central City –downtownand adjacent districts. The first line, which opened in 2001 and was extended in 2005–2007, operates from the South Waterfront District through Portland State University and north through the West End of downtown, to shopping areas and dense residential districts north and northwest of downtown. The second line opened in 2012 and added 3.3 miles (5.3 km) of tracks on the east side of the Willamette River and across theBroadway Bridgeto a connection with the original line. The east-side line completed a loop to the tracks on the west side of the river upon completion of the newTilikum Crossingin 2015, and on that basis has already been named the Central Loop line.

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Fifth and Sixth avenues within downtown comprise thePortland Transit Mall, two streets devoted primarily to bus and light rail traffic with limited automobile access. Opened in 1977 for buses, the transit mall was renovated and rebuilt in 2007–09, with light rail added. Starting in 1975 and lasting nearly four decades, all transit service within downtown Portland was free, the area being known by TriMet asFareless Square, but a need for minor budget cuts and funding needed for expansion prompted the agency to limit free rides to rail service only in 2010, and subsequently to discontinue the fare-free zone entirely in 2012.

TriMet provides real-time tracking of buses and trains with its Transit Tracker, and makes the data available to software developers so they can create customized tools of their own.

Union Station

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I-5connects Portland with theWillamette Valley,Southern Oregon, and California to the south and withWashingtonto the north.I-405forms a loop with I-5 around the central downtown area of the city andI-205is a loop freeway route on the east side which connects to thePortland International Airport.US 26supports commuting within the metro area and continues to the Pacific Ocean westward andMount HoodandCentral Oregoneastward.US 30has a main, bypass, and business route through the city extending toAstoriato the west; throughGresham, Oregon, and the easternexurbs, and connects toI-84, traveling towardsBoise, Idaho. Portland ranks 13th in traffic congestion of all American cities, and is 16th among all North American cities.

Portland's main airport isPortland International Airport, located about 20 minutes by car (40 minutes by MAX) northeast of downtown. In addition Portland is home toOregon'sonly public use heliport, thePortland Downtown Heliport.Amtrak, the national passenger rail system, provides service to Portland atUnion Stationon three routes. Long-haul train routes include theCoast Starlight(with service from Los Angeles to Seattle) and theEmpire Builder(with service from Seattle/Portland to Chicago.) TheAmtrak Cascadesstate-supported trains operate betweenVancouver, British ColumbiaandEugene, Oregon, and serve Portland several times daily. The city is also served byGreyhound Linesintercity bus service which operatesBoltBusan express bus service. The bus depot is about one block from the Portland Union Station. The city's first airport was theSwan Island Municipal Airportwhich was closed in the 1940s.

Portland Aerial Tramconnects theSouth Waterfrontdistrict withOHSU.

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Portland is the only city in the United States that owns operating mainlinesteam locomotives, donated to the city in 1958 by the railroads that ran them.Spokane, Portland & Seattle 700and the world-famousSouthern Pacific 4449can be seen several times a year pulling a specialexcursion train, either locally or on an extended trip. The "Holiday Express", pulled over the tracks of theOregon Pacific Railroadon weekends in December, has become a Portland tradition over its seven years running. These trains and others are operated by volunteers of theOregon Rail Heritage Foundation, an amalgamation of rail preservation groups which collaborated on the finance and construction of theOregon Rail Heritage Center, a permanent and publicly accessible home for the locomotives, which opened in 2012 adjacent to OMSI.

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In Portland, cyclingis a significant mode of transportation. As the city has been particularly supportive ofurban bicyclingit now ranks highly among the mostbicycle-friendlycities in the world. Approximately 8% of commuter’s bike to work, the highest proportion of any major U.S. city and about 10 times the national average. By July 2016 through a 4-0 city council vote, Portland will have abike shareprogram running with 600 bikes. The new bikes will be provided by Social Bicycles, and will be operated byMotivate. For its achievements in promoting cycling as an everyday means of transportation, Portland has been recognized by theLeague of American Bicyclistsand other cycling organizations for its network of on-street bicycling facilities and other bicycle-friendly services, being one of only three US cities to have earned a Platinum-level rating.

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Car sharingthroughZipcar,Car2Go,Getaround, andUhaul Car Shareis available to residents of the city and some inner suburbs. Portland has a commuter aerial cableway, thePortland Aerial Tram, which connects theSouth Waterfrontdistrict on the Willamette River to theOregon Health & Science Universitycampus on Marquam Hill above.

Portland has five indoorskateparksand is home to historically significantBurnside Skatepark.Gabriel Skateparkis the most recent, which opened on July 12, 2008. Another fourteen are in the works.The Wall Street Journalstated Portland "may be the most skateboard-friendly town in America."